Case study i the ganga, india world health organization. The solar impulse label is granted to innovative solutions to water pollution that meet high standards of sustainability and profitability. Polluted and contaminated water is good for nothing and is also hazardous to use or consume. Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems facing the world. Surface water pollution surface water includes natural water found on the earths surface, like rivers, lakes, lagoons and oceans. Water pollution in india 6 publicpublic participation in agencies, etc. Murty and surender kumar 19 certain levels without a. Water pollution exacerbates the problem of water scarcity at local and regional level by reducing the amount of water available for productive purposes. Shore sediments and water sampled along the main stream and the branches of hooghly river appeared as appropriate environmental compartments to monitor the plastic pollution. This poses as a threat to kolkata and its citizens. Cpcb has identified 64 stps in the ganga river catchment in uttarakhand, uttar pradesh, bihar, west bengal, and inspected 51 of them.
Water is a rare resource, much essential for life on earth. Isbn 0 419 22910 8 case study i the ganga, india this case study was prepared by y. The participants also felt that water was one of the most vital concerns plaguing india currently, specially the pollution being caused to our rivers and lakes and that water, being an important environment issue, should be audited by sai india. An analysis of ambient air quality in kolkata was done by applying the exceedance factor ef method, where the presence of listed pollutants rpm, spm, no2, and so2 annual average concentration are classified into four different categories. Result of surveys about air pollution, water pollution, greens and parks satisfaction, light and noise pollution, etc. But the reason kolkatas pollution situation is truly alarming is because in delhi, at levels of 400, parents would be asking for schools to be shut down and political parties would be slinging. Other sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated smallscale industry. Each solution goes through a strict assessment process. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies e. It is most often used in an environmental concept like air or water pollution.
Synthetic polymers as plastic trash are a standout amongst the most noteworthy pollutants in the aquatic condition. A report by the world health organization who has finally confirmed that kolkata is the secondmost polluted metropolis in the country, next only to delhi. In daily life, we dont use water from the canal, says shaiful, a 25year old fishery owner. An analysis of ambient air quality in kolkata was done by applying the exceedance factor ef method, where the presence of listed pollutants rpm, spm, no2, and so2 annual average concentration. Causes and remedies 279 1990 klt 580, attributed right to clean water as a right to life in article 21. Air pollution, water pollution, garbage, and pollution of the natural environment are prevalent in kolkata. Of the various kinds of pollution, the air pollution has attracted high priority in respect of. Of 1,311 mld of waste water, 47 per cent is generated by kolkata alone. Kolkata indias air pollution capital india climate dialogue.
Pollution can come in 4 different types affecting different types of areas in the world. Sources of air pollution in kolkata several factors cause air pollution in kolkata and among them the main factor is transportation 43,44, where the abundance of poorlymaintained vehicles, use of petrol fuel, and poor controlling are making transportation the major air polluting sector 45,46. The awareness is define as the state of level of consciousness where data can be confirmed by an observer. The report living dangerously by ngo toxics link and released on tuesday said many of the identified sites were clusters where environmentally hazardous industrial activities were being undertaken without adequate. Dec 17, 2014 water pollution refer to the presence of harmful substances or pollutants in water bodies. Water pollution is one of the biggest issues facing india right now. Epidemiological studies have shown that concentrations of ambient air particles are associated with a wide range of effects on human health, especially on the cardiorespiratory system 10,11.
Abdul azeemtextile processingntu water pollution introduction what is water pollution. Kolkata air quality index, air pollution level in kolkata. In india, every year, approximately, 50,000 million litres of waste water both. Air pollution has become a major issue in india in recent times, and is not confined to a major territory or state. As may be evident, untreated sewage is the biggest source of such form of pollution in india. Introduction water pollution india is a land with many beautiful rivers and countryside. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india. Water pollution comes from many sources, including untreated sewage, chemical discharges, spillage of toxic. Discover its main causes and effects, but also technological solutions and how you can contribute to solve it. The rapid urbanization coupled with ineffective government control has been fuelling this problem. Introduction water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems facing the world. Water pollution is a concern that has hit the headlines multiple times and runs as the subject for discussion in various environmental preservation sittings.
Aug 19, 2016 the central pollution control board cpcb says only a tenth of the sewage produced along the main stream of the ganges is treated at all. Kolkata, a waterrich city turning waterpoor the third pole. It is essential that the hazardous impacts from environmental pollution are regularly reported and monitored. The demand for water in west bengal is projected to be 10. Kolkata, one of the fastest growing metropolises in india has been suffering from air pollution for many decades. Will kolkata soon wrest the countrys pollution capital crown from delhi. Hazardous substances coming into contact with this surface water, dissolving or mixing physically with the water can be called surface water pollution.
Urban air quality in most megacities has been found to be critical and kolkata metropolitan city is no exception to this. Water pollution is the impure or unclean state of all water bodies like lakes, rivers, groundwater, aquifers, and oceans. Pdf air pollution and human health in kolkata, india. Pollution worsens in the lower ganga the third pole. Delhi may be vying with beijing for global topper status in air pollution and garnering all the attention for polluted air, but kolkata has silently pushed delhi behind on the air quality index and turned the toxic topper among metro cities in india during the first two months of 2018. In fact there could be a problem of water pollution only if the pollution loads exceed the natural regenerative capacity of a water resource. Most rivers, lakes and surface water in india are polluted due to industries, untreated sewage and solid wastes. It happens when untreated wastes and pollutants are discharged into water bodies. Jul 31, 2016 water pollution is one of the biggest issues facing india right now. The united nations environment programme has estimated that, globally, 1. In india many of the rivers are considered to be holy, but water pollution in india has caused many of the rivers to be too polluted for use. Kolkata, historically known as calcutta, also known as kalikata is the capital of the indian state of west bengal. Pollution occurs when any form of impurity is introduced into. Nov 11, 2015 the private and often illegal water business is even the norm in salt lake in central kolkata city where the drinking water quality is poor.
The major sources of water pollution includes untreated industrial wastes. Types of water pollution, causes, sources and effects. Incredibly durable, lightweight, and for the most part buoyant, plastic particles spread in the amphibian condition and keep going for a very long while. Assessing the degree of contamination in drinking water by. Water pollution is a very serious problem in india which is the second most populous nation in the world. Water pollution power point presentation at present, water scarcity is a global difficulty in a world because many countries are suffering from this difficulty as many freshwater bodies, oceans and seas are polluted by humankind. Water pollution is a major environmental issue in india. In almost all major cities of india, the quality is air turning out to be very bad and causing many health issues among the public.
The environmental kuznets curve ekc on water pollution was investigated with both semi parametric and parametric models using watershed level data for the state of louisiana, usa. There are mainly four types of pollution air, water, soil and land. Sikdar and others published pollution risk analysis of. Pdf causes, effects and solution of water polution abdul. Water pollution is any chemical, physical or biological change in the quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living thing that drinks or uses or lives in it. Sustainable water resource management in west bengal. West bengal discharges over 50% waste water untreated into ganga. Pollution occurs when any form of impurity is introduced. Analysis of potential contamination of kolkata, india, water supply.
Pollution occurs when any form of impurity is introduced into a clean source. Kolkata has shown the presence of arsenic above the maximum permissible limit of. Dec 14, 20 for many kolkatans, the problem of water pollution is all too real, particularly so to the east, where the citys many waterways flow. Water pollution control a guide to the use of water quality management principles. Water pollution is a topic of great environmental concern in todays context. See air pollution level live in different areas of kolkata including ballygunge, kolkata wbpcb, bidhannagar, kolkata wbpcb, fort william, kolkata. Untreated sewerage is the biggest problem, said rudra, speaking at a media study trip along the lower reaches of the ganga from kolkata. There are many environmental issues in kolkata, severely affecting its biophysical environment as well as human health. As a result, the water of sea, rivers, lakes, ponds, reservoir, and ground water get polluted. Apr 06, 2018 will kolkata soon wrest the countrys pollution capital crown from delhi. The private and often illegal water business is even the norm in salt lake in central kolkata city where the drinking water quality is poor. West bengal discharges over 50% waste water untreated into. All samples were sent to sgs india private limited, behala, kolkata, an nabl. It is counselors of stimulation arising from within an from outside the reason when the term action is defined as the operating part that.
The largest source of water pollution in india is untreated sewage. Estimation of perceptions about pollution in kolkata. A case study of delhi, international journal of current advanced research, 072, pp. Probing for four toxic metals in drinking water project report project supported by eejp. Therefore, it isnt astounding that plastic particles are accounted for in various sizes and shapes in every single.
Water pollution exacerbates the problem of water scarcity at local and. It shows that respondents with respiratory diseases 85. Kolkata is 2ndmost polluted metro, air quality worsening. Hes standing near a sluice gate on the bhangar canal on the eastern outskirts of kolkata. It is a common practice to puncture the water line of kolkata municipal corporation area along em bypass, collect water in various containers and sell it to salt lake residents at a high rate. Water pollution is the impure or unclean state of all water bodies like lakes, rivers, groundwater. Water pollution has emerged as one of the gravest environmental threats to india. Pdf pollution risk analysis of calcutta and howrah cities. Pollution comparison between kolkata, india and delhi, india.
The success for sustainable water resource development depends on abatement of pollution with participatory governance and education. For many kolkatans, the problem of water pollution is all too real, particularly so to the east, where the citys many waterways flow. Types of water pollution this is a major problem that affects both animals and people, and it should be taken seriously because the damage it can cause could be irreversible. Pdf causes, effects and solution of water polution. Second objective was identification or characterization of plastics present in sediment and water. Kolkata, an nabl accredited laboratory with cpcb and wbpcb certification, for the analysis of metal concentration in the water samples. The central pollution control board cpcb says only a tenth of the sewage produced along the main stream of the ganges is treated at all. Water pollution is the process where water and water bodies by extension are contaminated with different agents making these water bodies and therefore water unfit for life or consumption. It is not only water that is essential but it also must be clean and safe to use.
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